Reference Angles - the corresponding acute angles to angles greater then

(or less then

). It is formed by the terminal side of

and the horizontal axis. It is written in terms of theta prime (

).

In the 1st quadrant the reference angle is the angle itself.
(
)

In the 2nd quadrant the reference angle is got by subtracting the given angle by

.
(
)

In the 3rd quadrant the reference angle is got by subtracting

from the given angle.
(
)

In the 4th quadrant the reference angle is got by subtracting the given angle by

.
(
)
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